Combination of alpha and gamma spectrometry for air filtres measurement allows a simple determination of all short-lived ²²²Rn and ²²⁰Rn daughters as well as cosmogenic ⁷Be and anthropogenic ¹³⁷Cs in the air. Solid radionuclides in the atmosphere, attached to aerosol particles, were collected on filters of High Volume Air Sampler. After the desired collection period, the activity of deposited radionuclides was measured by g-spectrometry for ⁷Be, ²¹²Pb, ²¹²Bi, ²¹⁴Pb, ²¹⁴Bi and by a-spectrometry for ²¹²Po, ²¹⁴Po, and ²¹⁸Po. Spectrometric methods do not require additional sample preparation and allow one to find aerosol activity by a simple filter measurement. A special measurement and calculation procedure was applied in the case of radionuclides from the uranium and thorium series. A technique of liquid scintillation counting (LSC) was used to determine the activity of the long-lived radon daughters ²¹⁰Pb, ²¹⁰Bi, ²¹⁰Po after leaching into HCL solution and a two-step pre-concentration. Simultaneous determination of ²¹⁰Pb and ²¹⁰Bi enables one to find aerosol residence times.