Zbigniew Gorczyca, Kazimierz Rozanski, Tadeusz Kuc, Barbara Michalec
Faculty of Physics and Nuclear Techniques, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30 Mickiewicza Ave., 30-059 Kraków, Poland
The flux and isotopic composition of soil CO2 has been monitored at three sites located in the southern
Poland, during the time period: January 1998 - December 2000. The sites represent typical ecosystems
appearing in central Europe: mixed forest, cultivated agricultural field and grassland. To monitor the
flux and isotopic composition of soil CO2, the method based on the inverted cup principle was
used. The flux of soil CO2 reveals distinct seasonal fluctuations, with maximum values up to
ca. 20 mmol·m-2 h-1 during summer and around ten times lower values during winter.
Also significant differences among the monitored sites were detected, the CO2 flux being the
highest for the mixed forest site and ca. two times lower for the grassland site. The 13C content
of the soil CO2 flux is nearly constant throughout the year, with d13C
values essentially reflecting the isotopic composition of the soil organic matter and the vegetation type.
The 18O content of the soil CO2 flux shows
a remarkable seasonality, with distinctly less negative d18O values
recorded during summer. This seasonality is highly reduced in the CO2 sampled from different
depths of the soil. The radiocarbon content of the CO2 flux turned out to be non-distinguishable,
within the uncertainty of the measurements, from current 14C levels in atmospheric carbon dioxide.
However, significant reduction of the radiocarbon content was measured in the soil CO2 sampled
at 80 cm, when compared to the uppermost layer, reflecting increasing age of soil organic matter with depth.